Define Computer
A computer is an electronic device that accepts data as input, processes it according to given instructions, and produces meaningful output. It also stores data for future use. A computer performs four main functions: input, processing, output, and storage.
Anatomy of a Digital Computer (with Block Diagram)
The anatomy of a digital computer refers to its basic functional units that work together to perform operations. These units are:
1. Input Unit
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Used to enter data and instructions.
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Examples: Keyboard, mouse, scanner.
2. Central Processing Unit (CPU)
The CPU is the brain of the computer and has two main parts:
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ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit): Performs arithmetic and logical operations.
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CU (Control Unit): Controls and coordinates all activities inside the computer.
3. Memory Unit
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Stores data and instructions temporarily or permanently.
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Types: Primary memory (RAM, ROM) and Secondary memory (HDD, SSD).
4. Output Unit
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Displays or prints results after processing.
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Examples: Monitor, printer, speaker.
5. Storage Unit
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Used to store large amounts of data long-term.
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Examples: Hard drive, SSD, USB drive.
Block Diagram of a Digital Computer
┌──────────────┐
│ Input Unit │
└──────┬───────┘
│
┌─────────────────▼─────────────────┐
│ Central Processing Unit │
│ ┌──────────┬──────────┐ │
│ │ ALU │ CU │ │
│ └──────────┴──────────┘ │
└─────────────────┬─────────────────┘
│
┌──────▼──────┐
│ Memory │
└──────┬──────┘
│
┌──────▼──────┐
│ Output Unit │
└─────────────┘
Conclusion
A digital computer works through input, processing, memory, output, and storage units. The block diagram illustrates how these components work together to perform tasks efficiently.